Peter and Paul are regarded as the two princes of the Apostles, and in early Christian art and iconography they are considered inseparable. Their distinct physiognomic characterization originates from early, secret representations found in the Roman catacombs.
Simon, who later changed his name into Peter, was a fisherman and the brother of Andrew. He met Jesus in person and received from him the authority to lead the new-born Christian community. Peter represents the Ecclesia ex circumcisione and is the one who brought the Gospel to the Jews.
Peter’s face in the Neonian Baptistery is easily recognisable and is realised as a true portrait, thanks to enamel tesserae of delicate hues. He is depicted with a typical short, white beard and thick, white hair that curls slightly over his forehead. Pink, red, orange and black tesserae define his features and are laid with the precision and vitality of lively brushstrokes.